How are we working together?
The Province is partnering with the First Nations Fisheries Council (FNFC) to advance reconciliation, further the Province’s Declaration Act commitments and implement shared decision making. B.C. and the FNFC entered a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) in 2019 and updated it in January 2023. The MOU provides a framework for overcoming barriers, coordinating intergovernmental relations, and exploring innovative approaches to support First Nations involvement in the implementation and development of fisheries, aquaculture, water and aquatic habitat policy, management, and initiatives. A joint MOU workplan and budget are determined annually and signed off by the Province and the FNFC executive director.
This collaborative work now focuses on governance collaborations that create an enduring foundation to support multiple strategic initiatives. This includes the Trilateral Salmon Accord (the Accord), co-development of the Coastal Marine Strategy, the First Nations-BC Water Table, and the coordination of the Watershed Security Fund.
The BC Salmon Restoration and Innovation Fund (BC Salmon Fund) is a joint funding program managed by B.C. and Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). The program prioritizes Indigenous participation and knowledge to fund projects that support wild Pacific salmon and the ecosystems that they rely upon.
Are there challenges?
A challenge to the Accord is the fact that the FNFC does not represent all First Nations, including Modern Treaty Nations, within B.C. To overcome this challenge the Accord is open to all First Nations in B.C., with the FNFC taking a convener role to engage and facilitate progress. To reflect the distinct rights, law, legal systems and systems of governance of Modern Treaty Nations, B.C. and DFO committed to maintaining a distinctions-based approach to their relationships that is appropriate for their specific contexts. These opportunities have been emphasized through meetings with the Maa-nulth First Nations, for example, to engage in a manner that suits their system of governance.
Currently, the main risk to the BC Salmon Fund projects is the rising costs during implementation. Tariffs and global financial instability may lead to unexpected cost escalation and threaten project completion. At this time, the BC Salmon Fund team is managing these risks on a case-by-case basis and working to reallocate funds to cover increased costs where possible.
A future risk is the end of the program in March 2026. This has the potential to impact numerous ongoing work that have been funded over a significant time period, including the loss of capacity and expertise in First Nations partners. This funding has been one of the largest and most dedicated funding programs in several decades aimed at furthering work in fisheries, wild salmon recovery and habitat restoration in partnership with First Nations. B.C. has been working to secure an extension of this program in partnership with DFO.
Highlights
The Province signed a Trilateral Salmon Accord with the First FNFC and DFO that commits to restoring salmon habitat and salmon populations. This commitment to collaborative decision making and priority setting is a significant first for trilateral relations.
The BC Salmon Fund has supported a significant number of First Nations and First Nation organizations in their work to restore and enhance salmon populations. Of the 170 projects funded through this fund, 70 (40%) are led by First Nations and Indigenous organizations, and another 26% of projects have significant input through a partnership with a First Nation or Indigenous organization.